Production of sulfonated palmitic products.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IVAN LEVINSTEIN, O'F MANCHESTER, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO COMPANY OF LEVIN- STEIN LIMITED, MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

PRODUCTION OF SULFONATED PALMITIGPBODUCTS.

1,185,213. Specification of Letters Yatent. t t May 30, 191 No Drawing. Application filed February 17. 1914. Serial No. 819,170.

To allwhom it may concern: No. 18333/12. However, a sulfo compound Be it known that I; IVAN LEVINSTEIN, a according to my present invention will, gensubject of the King of Great Britain and erally speaking, emulsify and render per- Ireland, and a resident of Manchester, in fectly misci le in water considerably more the county of Lancaster, England, have inthan an equal weight of paraffin wax, and so vented new and useful Improvements in in some instances as much as six times its and Relating to the Production of Sulfoweight of parafiln wax. nated Palmitic Products, of which the fol- That the miscible or soluble compound lowing is a specification. of palmitic acid is really a palmitic sulfo 10 This inv ntion relates to improvements in acid is proved y the facts that palmitic 65 the production of sulfo acids from pure acid is itself insoluble in water while the almitic acid or palmitin or from palmitic sulfo compounds are soluble; that sulfo acid or from palmitin in its commercial or compounds of palmitic acid will when technical form. The palmitic sulfo acids mixed with fats, waxes, or the like render and their salts produced according to this such fats, waxes, or the like miscible or'solu- 70 invention in themselves possess the known ble, and that the sulfonated compounds proproperty of being soluble or emulsifiable in, duced according to this invention will simior miscible with, water, and also possesses larly render fats waxes or the like miscible the remarkable property of forming comor soluble, even when the oil, fat, or the pounds with fats, greases, or waxes, which like which is concurrently treated with the 75 compounds are similarly soluble, emulsifipalmitic acid, itself produces a sulfo comable or miscible in water. ound which will not render waxes, fats, or

In Lewkovitchs Chemical Technology of the like soluble or miscib e. According to Oils, F ats, and Wames (1909 edition vol l, my present invention palmitic acid in either page 127) and in Ohemze den" F ette Lapowle its pure -or in its technical or commercial 80 vol. 1, page 208) it is stated that palmitic palm oil, is melted with a vegetable or aniacid dissolves in sulfuric acid, but that mal oil or fat or grease which need not natwhen the solution is diluted with water urally contain such acid at all, or in any palmitic acid is precipitated unchanged, S s n ia q nti y Th mi I' 0 85 namely, as palmitic acid. A large number palmitin or palmitic acid with such an oi of experiments I have made have not only or fat is treated while still in the liquid confirmed this fact, but they have al o or melted condition with sulfuric acid, prefshown that palmitic acid alone cannot be rably 100% H, O, (monohydrate). The converted into its sulfo acid by any method resulting sulfo acids are quickly Washed free 90 hitherto known for the sulfonation of oils, of mineral ad or are quickly neutralized. etc. I have found, however, that if pure They or their salts may then be melted with almitic acid or palmitin be treated with a suitable wax, such as, for example, para sulfuric acid in the presence of an added oil, wax, or with an oil or fat to produce comfat, wax or ease which is capable of givpounds which are emulsifiable, soluble or 95 mg a sulio acid, then such treatment results miscible. in the production of a almitic sulfo acid Example 1: Melt together 1 part of pure concurrently with the production of the palmitic acid with one part of technical oleic C I Take sulfo acid of the added fat, oil, or the like. acid or olein and cool down to The palmitic sulfo acid so produced is not 200 grams of this mixture and slowly add 1 0 recip'itated by water but is soluble or misto it about grams of sulfuric acid stirred cible therein together with the other sulfo well all the time. The temperature is mainacid contained in the compound. The comtained during sulfonation at about pounds produced by sulfonation according Then prepare 1000 grams salt solution (10 50 to this invention very much resemble in- Tw.) warm to 30 C. and pour the sulfonatheir properties, especially as regards emultion melt, under agitation, into the salt sosify'ing waxes, the compounds produced lution. Allow to settle, run off the salt solufrom oils or the like which naturally contion, wash again with warm salt solution, tain palmiticacid as described in the specior neutralize with soda or other suitable b5 fication to my prior British Letters Patent alkali. The free sulfo acid thus obtained ,of this mixture from palmitic or miscible in pound when and oleic acid is-itself soluble water, and makes a like commelted,

for example, with practically soluble 1n water.

pure palmitic d are melted together with 40 s oil, and after cooling to 40 C. 18

(monohydrate) are slowl he temperature kept at 4550 a sample of the sulfonation melt is Otherwise the method cedure is exactly the same as stated ample 1.

Example 4: 1 part of pure palmitic acid is melted with two parts castor oil. fonation temperature is 45 50 C. wise the procedure is exactly as stated in Example 1. The resulting sulfo acids are practically soluble in water and emulsify 1 parts of paraffin wax without the addition of qual parts of palm oil and acid are melted together and afterward cooled to 30 C. with continuous stirring. To 200 parts of this mixture are gradually added 50 parts 100% S he sulfonation temperature is 30-35 C. therwise the procedure is as stated in Example 1. 1

Example 6: Equal parts of Japan wax and commercial oleic acid are melted together and afterward cooled to 35 C. with continuous stirring. To 200 parts of this gradually added 50 parts of H 80 e sulfonation tempe ture is 35 0. Otherwise the procedure is as stated in Example 1. l

Example 7 Equal parts ofpalm oil and wool grease are melted together and after ward cooled to 35 C. with continuous stirring. T parts of this parts of Japan wax (stearin) are cooled to 40 more oils 5 an added forth.

of a fat or wax .by a

C. with continuous stirring. To 200 parts of this mixture are gradually added 50 parts of 100% H 80 e sulfonation temperature is 4045 C. therwise the procedure .1s as stated in Example 1.

or the like.

been carried out properly, is that a sample taken from the sulfonation melt is miscible in hot The proportions of palmitic s in combination may also be varied to produce certain technical e ects.

In the above examples the palmitin or palmitic acid has been described as being melted with a single oil or ment with sulfuric acid. If desired two or or the like may be mixed with the palmitm or palmitic acid.

In the claims it is intended that both palmitin and pahnitic acid will be included in a reference to palmitic acid; that the generic term fat wi cover either solid fat, fatty o' grease, or the like; that the term wax broa to cover such comat I clalm is 1. The production of a sulfonated compound by concurrently treating with sul- 'c acid a mixture of palmitic acid and fat or wax, substantially as set 2. A sulfonated compound containing a mixtu e of sulfonated palmitic acid and an added fat or wax, substantially as set forth.-

e production of a miscible compound dmixture of the fat or wax with a sulfonated compound produced by concurrently with ulfuric acid a mixture of palmitic acid and an added fat or wax, substantially as set forth.

4. A miscible compound containing a fat or wax and a mixture of sulfonated compounds of palmitic acid and added fat or wax, substantially as described.

5. The process of producing a sulfonated compound which consists in concurrently treating with sulfuric acid a mixture of palmitic acid and an added fat or wax, an then partially neutralizing at least the sulfonated product thus obtained.

6. The process of producing a miscible compound of a fat or'wax, which consists in concurrently treating with sulfuric acid a mixture of palmitic acid and an added fat or wax, and in then partially neutralizing at least the sulfonated productthus obtained, and finally mixing the neutralized sulfonated product with a fat or wax.

7. The process of producing sulfonated compounds which consists in concurrently treating a mixture of palmitic acid and an added fat or wax with sulfuric acid, and in then pouring the sulfonated product into a salt solution, and thereafter running OR the salt solution.

8. The process of producing a sulfonated compound which consists in concurrently treating a mixture of palmitic acid and an added fat or wax with sulfuric acid, then pouring the sulfonated, product thus obtained into a salt solution, running off the salt solution and partially neutralizing at least the remaining sulfonated product.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IVAN LEVINSTEIN.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM Gno. HAYS,

GEORGE WEAVER. 

